Countries and territories having reciprocal arrangements with England and Wales for the enforcement of maintenance and other orders
|
Countries and territories |
AJA 1920 |
MO(FE)A 1920 |
FJ(RE)A 1933 |
MO(RE)A 1972 Pt I (Reciprocating countries & Republic of Ireland) |
MO(RE)A 1972 Pt I (Hague Convention countries) |
MO(RE)A 1972 Pt II (UN Convention countries) |
CJJA 1982 & ‘Brussels I’ Regulation |
EEO
Regulation |
MOA 1950 |
|
Akrotiri & Dhekelia (UK Sovereign Bases, Cyprus) |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
Algeria |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Anguilla |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Antigua and Barbuda |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Australia |
|
|
Y |
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
Australian Capital Territory |
|
|
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Christmas Island |
Y |
Y |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
Y |
Y |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
New South Wales |
|
|
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Norfolk Island |
Y |
|
|
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Northern Territory |
|
|
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Queensland |
|
|
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
South Australia |
|
|
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tasmania |
|
|
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Victoria |
|
|
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Western Australia |
|
|
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
Austria |
|
|
Y |
|
|
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
|
Bahamas |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Barbados |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
Belgium |
|
|
Y |
|
|
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
|
Belize |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bermuda |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
Y |
|
|
|
Botswana |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brazil |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
British Indian Ocean Territory |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
British Virgin Islands |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brunei |
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bulgaria |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
|
Burkina Faso |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
Canada |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alberta |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
British Columbia |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Manitoba |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Brunswick |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Newfoundland & Labrador |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nova Scotia |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nunavut |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ontario |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prince Edward Island |
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quebec |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Saskatchewan |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Northwest Territories |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yukon Territory |
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cape Verde |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Cayman Islands |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Central African Republic |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Chile |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Croatia |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Cyprus (Republic of) |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Czech Republic |
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Denmark |
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y |
CJJA (Brussels Convention) |
|
|
|
Dominica |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ecuador |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Estonia |
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Falkland Islands |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiji |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Finland |
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
France (including overseas territories) |
|
|
Y |
|
Y |
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Gambia |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Germany |
|
|
Y |
|
Y |
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Ghana |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gibraltar |
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Greece |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Grenada |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Guatemala |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Guernsey |
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Guyana |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Haiti |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Holy See (The Vatican) |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Hong Kong |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hungary |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Iceland |
|
|
|
|
|
|
CJJA (Lugano Convention) |
|
|
|
India |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Ireland, Republic of |
|
|
|
Y |
|
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Isle of Man |
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Israel |
|
|
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Italy |
|
|
Y |
|
Y |
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Jamaica |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jersey |
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kenya |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kiribati |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Latvia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Lesotho |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lithuania |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Luxembourg |
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Macedonia (FYR) |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Malawi |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Malaysia |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Malta |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Mauritius |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mexico |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Monaco |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Montserrat |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Morocco |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Nauru |
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Netherlands |
|
|
Y |
|
Y |
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Netherlands Antilles & Aruba |
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
New Zealand |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Niger |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Nigeria |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Northern Ireland |
|
|
|
|
|
|
CJJA Pt II |
|
Y |
|
Norway |
|
|
Y |
|
Y |
Y |
CJJA (Lugano Convention) |
|
|
|
Pakistan |
|
|
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Papua New Guinea |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Philippines |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Poland |
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Portugal |
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Romania |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
St Kitts & Nevis |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
St Helena |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
St Lucia |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
St Vincent & the Grenadines |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scotland |
|
|
|
|
|
|
CJJA Pt II |
|
Y |
|
Serbia and Montenegro |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Seychelles |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sierra Leone |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Singapore |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Slovakia |
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Slovenia |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Solomon Islands |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
South Africa |
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Spain |
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Sri Lanka |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Suriname |
|
|
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Swaziland |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sweden |
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y |
Brussels I |
Y |
|
|
Switzerland |
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y |
CJJA (Lugano Convention) |
|
|
|
Tanzania |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zanzibar |
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tonga |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trinidad & Tobago |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tunisia |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Turkey |
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
Turks & Caicos Islands |
Y |
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tuvalu |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Uganda |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
|
|
|
* |
* |
|
|
|
|
|
Uruguay |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
Zambia |
Y |
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zimbabwe |
|
|
|
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* With effect from 1st October 2007 the bilateral regimes previously in force between England and Wales and the "specified " US states have been replaced with a singe federal system: see The Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (United States of America) Order 2007 (SI 2007 No 2005) and The Recovery of Maintenance (United States of America) Order 2007 (SI 2007 No 2006).
Note: this Table is no more than a first point of reference for the purpose of ascertaining whether a country or part of a country has reciprocal enforcement arrangements with England and Wales, and if so, what they are. It is essential in every case to consider, by reference to the relevant primary or secondary legislation, whether the applicable regime has been modified or restricted in relation to the country or part of a country in question.
This Table is reproduced from Rayden & Jackson on Divorce and Family Matters (18th edition) with the permission of LexisNexis Butterworths.
Copyright Reed Elsevier (UK) Ltd 2005